what is the radius of the earth in meters

The Earth's meridional radius of curvature at the equator equals the meridian's semi-latus rectum: The Earth's prime-vertical radius of curvature at the equator equals the equatorial radius, N = a. {\displaystyle {\mathcal {R}}_{\mathrm {pJ} }^{\mathrm {N} }} First of NASA's SunRISE SmallSats Rolls Off Production Line. r It is a common misconception that Terra is the internationally-recognized scientific name of the planet, but in reality Earth does not have an official international name. Thus, the radius of the earth in meters in scientific notation is 6.371106m. The information were posted by senior high school classes all over the US, plus some in Canada and Mexico, employed in pairs. [27] However, the 1492 enactment of that voyage brought his fleet to the Americas. You can do this, too, by using his method. The nominal radius serves as a unit of length for astronomy. That's between 28 and 29 Earths. .[10]. + How did we determine the size of the Earth? Ans. R=6370 3. The IUGG denotes the authalic radius as R2. Step 3 of 5. What is the permiter of the Earth? Let the mass of the earth be M and radius of the earth be R, The distance of the body from the center of the earth will also be equal to the radius R of the earth. Above we see an object with mass m attached to a spring. The first, titled Arturo Xuncax, is set in an Indian village in Guatemala. Its surface gravity is 274 m/s 2 or 28.0 times that of the Earth. 371 106 m), the bottom unit of length within the Worldwide System of Units (SI). Its better to have a reference ellipsoid that is constant over time than it is to have an ever improving best fit ellipsoid. Measured around the Equator, it is 40,075.017 km (24,901.461 mi). What is the radius of Earth in gravitation? At the equator, the radius of Earth is 3963 miles (Diameter = 7926 miles). Regarding this, what is the diameter of the Earth in scientific notation? The radius of Earth at the equator is 3,963 miles (6,378 kilometers), according to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Earth's polar radius is 3,950 miles (6,356 km) a difference of 13 miles (22 km). y , For Earth, the volumetric radius equals 6,371.0008km (3,958.7564mi). Explore Asteroids In Depth Key Science Targets It is 6356.752 km (3949.903 mi) at the poles and 6371.001 km (3958.756 mi) on average. e , Then convert km - m. 1 km = 1000 m. 12 756 km = ? [22] For both Aristotle and Eratosthenes, uncertainty in the accuracy of their estimates is due to modern uncertainty over which stadion length they meant. Earth's volume, or that of the reference ellipsoid, is V = 4/3a2b. It has an average density of 5.5 g/cm3. [1]:4 {\displaystyle F=f=0} Whether you need help solving quadratic equations, inspiration for the upcoming science fair or the latest update on a major storm, Sciencing is here to help. Hence, the Earth deviates from a perfect sphere by only a third of a percent, which supports the spherical model in most contexts and justifies the term "radius of the Earth". The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". By knowing the Equatorial diameter or the polar diameter of the Earth, the circumference can be found. Ocean Worlds Resources. Although the precise strength of Earth's gravity varies depending on location, the nominal "average" value at the Earth's surface, known as standard gravity is, by definition, 9.80665 m/s 2 (32.1737 ft/s 2 ). 6 m0. The equatorial circumference is simply the circle perimeter: Ce=2a, in terms of the equatorial radius, a. Keplers Third law can be used to determine the orbital radius of the planet if the mass of the orbiting star is known (R3=T2Mstar/Msun, the radius is in AU and the period is in earth years). (a) Local topography increases the variance, resulting in a surface of profound complexity. Measurement of Earths circumference has been important to navigation since ancient times. = The average light travel time to the earth is 8.3 minutes. Now that the radius of orbit has been found, the height above the earth can be calculated. High School Students Measure New Value for Earths Radius to Celebrate World Physics Year. Wittenberg is a nationally ranked liberal arts institution with a particular strength in the sciences. The structure of the Earths upper mantle can be derived from seismic waves. Does Bohrs model explain radius of an orbit? which is different from the precise result by under 1m (4105in) the mean of these two axes. {\displaystyle r} Eastwest directions can be misleading. Gravitational attraction from the Moon or Sun can cause the Earth's surface at a given point to vary by tenths of a meter over a nearly 12-hour period (see Earth tide). Record the measurements. How many meters is the earth? N Where R is the radius of the Earth. This implies that for a given mass and velocity, a large centripetal force causes a small radius of curvaturethat is, a tight curve, as in (Figure). You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Earth's rotation, internal density variations, and external tidal forces cause its shape to deviate systematically from a perfect sphere. Earth's diameter is simply twice Earth's radius; for example, equatorial diameter (2a) and polar diameter (2b). [1]:3 The nominal polar Earth radius is defined as Wind farms have different impacts on the environment compared to conventional power plants, but similar concerns exist over both the noise produced by the turbine blades and the . In the third century B.C., Eratosthenes was able to mathematically calculate the earths diameter by comparing differences in the angle of the suns rays at two separate geographic points. Historically, these models were based on regional topography, giving the best reference ellipsoid for the area under survey. r What is the biggest problem with wind turbines? If no sub- or superscripts appear on this page - for example, if the "Mass" is given in units of "(1024 kg)" - you may want to check the notes on the sub- and superscripts. As such, they are topographical geocentric distances, Rt, which depends not only on latitude. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Since he knew the distance between the locations, he was able to determine the circumference of the earth, and therefore the diameter and radius as well. Other ways to define and measure the Earth radius involve the radius of curvature. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Have your partner do the same in her location. The distance between locations are also part of the total circumference of the Earth. What is the fluid speed in a fire hose with a 9.00 cm diameter carrying 80.0 l of water per second? If we were to plot this it would show (setting, G = M = m = R = 1, and including force direction): A simple spring oscillator To understand what this means we'll look at a simple spring oscillator. If you wish to convert a small difference of latitude or longitude into the linear distance on the surface of the earth, then the spherical earth equation would be, = = dE R cos d dN R d , Because these measurements are not done with more sensitive equipment, the radius calculation will be only approximate. In this state, it would have approximately the same mass as it has now, but its radius would be equal to the radius of the Earth. Keplers Third law can be used to determine the orbital radius of the planet if the mass of the orbiting star is known (R3=T2Mstar/Msun, the radius is in AU and the period is in earth years). Step 2 of 5. Let us calculate area of earth using this formula area=4x22/76370= 5.110 4. What is the radius of Earth in meters? Thus, the surface of the earth at the equator moves at a speed of 460 meters per secondor roughly 1,000 miles per hour. Measuring the Circumference of the Earth. = R How do you use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the radius of the earth? You can do this, too, by using his method. Radius refers to a line that connects to the centre point of a circle to any point on its outside layer. Earths circumference is the distance around Earth. The Earth's polar radius of curvature (either meridional or prime-vertical) is: The principal curvatures are the roots of Equation (125) in:[11]. Escape velocity = = 22.4 km/sec. Earth radius is the distance from Earth's center to its surface, about 6,371 km (3,959 mi). The planet's rotation causes it to bulge at the equator. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Video advice: How Eratosthenes discovered the radius of the earth. Earths radius is usually given as 6378137 meters (equatorial radius), its flattening is defined as 1/298.257223 (WGS84), and thus its polar radius is calculated as 6356752 meters.However, the av. A closed-form solution exists for a spheroid:[14]. What is the radius of the parallel of latitude? 1 Compute the radius of the Earth using the formula C (circumference) = 2 x pi x r (radius). Have Bugged an area Rock to pay attention In on Earthlings? earthRadius Record the distance between your location and your partners location. Its measured round the Equator and round the rods that provide different values. Now, lets plug in some numbers. What is radius of Earth in gravitation Class 9? The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Well, the Moon is not always the same distance away from Earth. . In general, this points to an important conclusion about nature itself. How do you find the radius with mass and gravity? How to Calculate the Circumference of the Earth? ) Because of the Earths rapid rotation, it stretches out the planet; this results in the South pole and North pole actually being slight closer than locations opposite on the equator because the shape of the Earth is not a spheroid (not a perfect sphere). 7564mi). Geodetic ellipsoids are better suited to regional idiosyncrasies of the geoid. Most experts think planet Earth can support about 10 billion people, and that when our population reaches that number, it will start to decline. Tack one end of a piece of string to the top of the stick. {\displaystyle r=[r^{1},r^{2},r^{3}]^{T}=[x,y,z]^{T}} This length is also used as a unit of distance, especially in astronomy and geology, where it is usually denoted by R. Of course, no one is claiming the size of Earth has actually changed. => When Wi-Fi is available location accuracy is usually between 20 - 50 meters. That's almost 32 Earths. The majority of the data posted was remarkably good, stated Jennifer Fischer, the APS project leader. Part 4: Computation . Oceanic crust is denser and thinner and mainly composed of basalt. However, for purposes of uniformity and use in geophysics and astronomy, the nominal earth radius is used, which is about 6, 371 km. = 6,356.8km (3,949.9mi). What is the Radius of the Earth? r 64miles, whereas, whether it ismeasured round the rods, it isapproximately 24,806 miles. Hence the required distance is. h is the transmitting antenna height above the ground,. A sphere being a gross approximation of the spheroid, which itself is an approximation of the geoid, units are given here in kilometers rather than the millimeter resolution appropriate for geodesy. 137 km (3963. R = earthRadius returns the scalar value 6,371,000, the mean radius of the Earth in meters. Note that this arc is along a great circle. to the plane tangent at Your email address will not be published. Science atlas, our goal is to spark the curiosity that exists in all of us. About Earth radiusThe Earth radius, or even the radius of the world, may be the distance from the middle of our planet towards the surface. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. As satellite remote sensing and especially the Global Positioning System gained importance, true global models were developed which, while not as accurate for regional work, best approximate the Earth as a whole. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Also, explore tools to convert Earths equatorial radius or meter to other length units or learn more about length conversions. {\displaystyle p=N\cos(\varphi )} | Now we know 1km=1000m 5. Circumference of the Earth in Meters We know that the acceleration due to gravity is equal to 9.8 m/s2, the Gravitational constant (G) is 6.673 1011 Nm2/kg2, the radius of the Earth is 6.37 106 m, and mass cancels out. There are two types of crust; oceanic and continental. Example 2. The various radii derived here use the notation and dimensions noted above for the Earth as derived from the WGS-84 ellipsoid;[6] namely. When it is measured around the equator, it is40,075 km (approximately, 24,901 miles), whereas, if it measured from the north pole to the south pole it is40,008 km (approximately, 24,860 miles). Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. 2a : the bone on the thumb side of the human forearm also : a corresponding part of vertebrates above fishes. For integration limits of [0,/2], the integrals for rectifying radius and mean radius evaluate to the same result, which, for Earth, amounts to 6,367.4491km (3,956.5494mi). Also see the Table of Physical Units and Constants. The typical radius of the world is roughly 6. Physics, 22. Find the level of Earth in cubic meters. [d] It is also common to refer to any mean radius of a spherical model as "the radius of the earth". We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. . Since pi is an infinite number, the calculations in Step 6 will be more accurate. ), In geophysics, the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) defines the Earth's arithmetic mean radius (denoted R1) to be[2], The factor of two accounts for the biaxial symmetry in Earth's spheroid, a specialization of triaxial ellipsoid. The radius of earth, is the distance from the centre of the Earth to a point on or near its surface, and it ranges from nearly 6,378 km to nearly 6,357 km, dhanyaranjan Published On January 28th, 2022 Table of Contents Radius of Earth in Physics The symbol R? In scientific notation, the radius of the earth in meters is equal to 6.37106 meters or approximately 6.4106 meters, and 6378100 or approximately 6370000 in standard form. det The tropical radius of the world (or semi-major axis) is all about 6,378 km (3,963 miles or 3,444 maritime miles), as the polar radius of the world (or semi-minor axis) is all about 6,357 km (3,950 miles or 3,432 maritime miles). While carbon dioxide gas is invisible, the very cold gas , Turbines produce noise and alter visual aesthetics. Since Earth is roughly spherical, calculating its volume is relatively simple. The average radius of the earth is 6.38x106 meters. Its nice to determine that measurements taken by a lot of groups, sometimes in under ideal conditions, came so near to the right answer. The circumference of the Earth can be calculated using the formula, Circumference = 2 R or D, where R is the radius of Earth and D is the diameter. {\displaystyle R_{E}} Have your partner do the same in her location. The radius of a chlorine atom is approximately meters. 1. [ Earth's rocky mantle and metallic core make it the densest planet, at 5.513 grams per cubic centimeter. The radius of a circle is the straight-line distance from the very center of the circle to any point on the circle. Using the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, this gives, Another spherical model is defined by the Earth's volumetric radius, which is the radius of a sphere of volume equal to the ellipsoid. , Approximating the figure of Earth by an Earth spheroid, the radius ranges from a maximum of nearly 6,378km (3,963mi) (equatorial radius, denoted a) to a minimum of nearly 6,357km (3,950mi) (polar radius, denoted b). = r Measure the angle of the shadow of your meter stick when the sun is overhead and the shadow is smallest, often known as local noon (when the sun is exactly north-south in the sky at its highest point). R This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. [6] It is an idealized surface, and the Earth measurements used to calculate it have an uncertainty of 2m in both the equatorial and polar dimensions. In a geocentric ellipsoid, the center of the ellipsoid coincides with some computed center of Earth, and best models the earth as a whole. for the nominal polar Jupiter radius. , = [2] which differs from the exact result by less than 1m (4105in); the mean of the two axes. This quantity is denoted variously as . For Earth, the arithmetic mean radius is 6,371.0088km (3,958.7613mi). He observed lunar eclipses and noticed that only a round sphere could imply a circular shadow. However, other factors such as the rotation of the Earth also contribute to the net acceleration. Added 2022-02-06 15:04:59 subject Physics by rsa072001. The value of standard gravity corresponds to the gravity on Earth at a radius of 6,375.4 kilometres (3,961.5 mi). The circumference of the world measured round the Equatoris approximtely 24,887. 06. How do you express the earths diameter in scientific notation? {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial r}{\partial \lambda }}} These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Like a torus, the curvature at a point will be greatest (tightest) in one direction (northsouth on Earth) and smallest (flattest) perpendicularly (eastwest). So escape velocity = . We invite readers to visit us daily, explore topics of interest, and gain new perspectives along the way. You have to use the distance from the center of the Earth, not the distance above Earth's surface, as the radius. The oblateness constant q is given by, where is the angular frequency, G is the gravitational constant, and M is the mass of the planet. K Q. Eratosthenes was born around 276 B.C., which is now Shahhat, Libya. 257. 2 Sun: radius = 696,000 kilometers, > 100 occasions bigger. The Earths equatorial radius to meter (m) conversion table and conversion steps are also listed. B This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Karren Doll Tolliver holds a Bachelor of English from Mississippi University for Women and a CELTA teaching certificate from Akcent Language School in Prague. Estimates of the accuracy of Eratosthenes's measurement range from 0.5% to 17%. | The radius R of a nucleus of mass number A can be estimated by the formula R = (1.3 1015)A 1/3 m. The earth rotates once every 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4.09053 seconds, called the sidereal period, and its circumference is roughly 40,075 kilometers. Therefore, the Earth radius isn't constant, but it can be calculated for every location. Earth's surface area is an estimated 510 km2, and about 29% of the area is land while the other 71% consists of water. The total mass of all the asteroids combined is less than that of Earth's Moon. Surveyors today use a variety of instruments and calculations to determine the size of the Earth and collect other relevant data. You must measure the angle of shadows in the two locations at the exact same time on the exact same day or the calculations will be erroneous. , Measured around the poles, the circumference is 40,007.863 km (24,859.734 mi). Place the loose end of the string at the end of the cast shadow and hold it taut. This video will show you how Eratosthenes calculated the circumference and radius of the Earth in 240 BC!! The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. b : the third and usually largest vein of an insect's wing. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. As a consequence of this, the polar radius is closer to 6,356.7 kilometers. r . Venus is included with a thick, quickly spinning atmosphere, developing a scorched world with temperatures hot enough to melt lead along with a surface pressure 90 occasions those of Earth. = These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. [2] All three values are about 6,371 kilometres (3,959mi). r This is the radius that Eratosthenes measured in his arc measurement. => When indoor location is available, the accuracy range can be as small as 5 meters. A The radius of the earth is the straight distance from the earth's center to a point on its surface. An arc of 1 radian = the radial distance of the the latitude circle, from. By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Example 2. In astronomy, the International Astronomical Union denotes the nominal equatorial Earth radius as The following equation estimates the ellipsoid radius ( r s ) using flattening ( f ) , geocentric latitude ( s ) , and equatorial radius ( R ) : r s = R 2 1 + [ 1 / ( 1 f ) 2 1 ] sin 2 s . {\displaystyle R_{2}} Your email address will not be published. How do you find the radius of the earth from latitude? 1 903 mi) at the poles and 6371. 752 km (3949. You need to ask yourself questions and then do problems to answer those questions. Circumference of Earth is the length or the distance around the Earth. E r = m v 2 F c . Have your partner do the same in her location at the exact same time. The International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG) provides three reference values: the mean radius (R1) of three radii measured at two equator points and a pole; the authalic radius, which is the radius of a sphere with the same surface area (R2); and the volumetric radius, which is the radius of a sphere having the same volume as the ellipsoid (R3). The value for the equatorial radius is defined to the nearest 0.1m in WGS-84. Using the mathematical formula for calculating the volume of a sphere, it has been estimated that the volume of Earth is roughly 259 billion cubic miles. . Earth radius conversions Convert Earth radius to other length and distance measurement units using a free online calculator for length/distance unit conversions. Physics, 22.06.2022 11:40, yfnal3x. Around 100BC, Posidonius of Apamea recomputed Earth's radius, and found it to be close to that by Eratosthenes,[23] but later Strabo incorrectly attributed him a value about 3/4 of the actual size. The reason for keeping those older values was GPS. Our descriptions of Earth's surface must be simpler than reality in order to be tractable. Acceleration due to gravity is a vector, which means it has both a magnitudeand a direction. So, for him the following relationship between objects will apply: 7.2 / 360 = 787 / x. More than 2,000 years ago Eratosthenes compared the position of the Suns rays in two locations to calculate the spherical size of the Earth with reasonable accuracy. In the modern age, satellites often provide the most accurate and current information through global imaging. mpanderla95. stands for the radius of the Earth. For example, if you stand at a point on the earth and move around the earth in a straight path, and reach the same point again, then the distance covered by you is the circumference of the earth. When considering the Earth's real surface, on the other hand, it is uncommon to refer to a "radius", since there is generally no practical need. w (8,849 meters), but it is not the highest point on Earth that is, the place most distant from the . At room temperature, it will go from a solid to a gas directly. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Based on data taken by 183 high-school classes taking part in a global Year of Physics project, Appraise the Earth with Shadows, the radius of Earth is 6563 km, when compared to recognized value for that mean radius of 6371 km. Earth is the third planet from the sun. So, its circumference varies depending on how you calculate it. 1 Earths equatorial radius637816 m1 Earths equatorial radius6378160 m2 Earths equatorial radius12756320 m3 Earths equatorial radius19134480 m5 Earths equatorial radius31890800 m10 Earths equatorial radius63781600 m20 Earths equatorial radius127563200 m50 Earths equatorial radius318908000 m100 Earths equatorial radius637816000 m1000 Earths equatorial radius6378160000 mHow to Convert Earths Equatorial Radius to Meter1 Earths equatorial radius = 6378160 m1 m = 1. where e2 = a2 b2/a2 and A is the surface area of the spheroid. Definition of radius 1 : a line segment extending from the center of a circle or sphere to the circumference or bounding surface. Another global radius is the Earth's rectifying radius, giving a sphere with circumference equal to the perimeter of the ellipse described by any polar cross section of the ellipsoid. As the parallels run east and west, places having the same latitude will be due east or due west of each other. Make sure both sticks are perpendicular to the earth and that the same length of stick protrudes from the ground. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience.

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