which of the following statements is true about correctional officers?

Crime in the United States has continued to increase over the last decade despite our best efforts to control it. At the end of 2012, about ________ percent of the security staff in state correctional agencies were male. This graphic illustrates the concept that on any given day in the United States, there are significantly more individuals incarcerated in prisons than in jails. Which of the following is NOT one of those ways? Tempo is the time that events last. [20] The immediate clinical management issues that should be addressed include HIV prevention counseling, referral for mental health treatment if needed, initial evaluation and staging of HIV, and referral for HIV treatment (Table 1). BJS collects data on the administration and operation of both types of facilities. Assume as in parts (a), (b), and ( c) that two shots will be awarded. Depending on the nature of the complaint, investigations can be criminal (if the officer broke the law or violated an individual's rights), administrative (if the officer violated department policy), or both. The first reformatory for young men opened at ______________. At year-end 2014, 1 in _____ adults in the United States was under community supervision. The prison population is higher today in the United States than at any time in our history. Prisons, or institutions in which large numbers of convicted offenders spend time as punishment for crimes, are over a thousand years old. Antiretroviral medications are expensive and insurance no longer covers these medications after conviction; annual budgets in small- to moderate-sized jails are often too small to support payment for antiretroviral medications for even a limited number of persons with HIV. signed by an officer. The imprisonment rate for the United States is approximately_______per 100,000 citizens. [4] Among all persons in prisons, the state prisons account for nearly 90% of those in prison and the majority are males (Figure 6). A committment to a set of agreed-upon values aimed at the improvement of the organization while maintaining the highest standards of excellence is called? Develop a list of medical providers in the community to which the inmates will be returning. Values such as supportiveness, teamwork, perseverance, empathy, and caring enable officers to cope with post-traumatic stress; they are part of team of colleagues who care for their coworkers. In the case ofWolff v. McDonnell(1974), the Supreme Court ruled that inmates facing a loss of good time for a rule infraction are entitled to certain due process protections. A person's race is a simple biological fact, and not a social construct. CJE Unit 8 Flashcards | Quizlet The numbers for each year represent a sample taken at one point in time and represent persons with diagnosed HIV. In some states, if you are convicted of a felony it is grounds for an uncontested divorce. The tension between prison staff members and inmates that arises out of the correctional setting is called____________. Mandatory release is similar to ________ in that persons let out under either arrangement ordinarily receive a period of community supervision. [21], Although consensual sex, rape, tattooing, and injection drug use occur within the correctional setting, available data suggest that most persons with HIV who are incarceratedacquired HIV prior to entering prison or, for those with multiple incarcerations, between periods of incarceration. The first reformatory to implement an extensive parole program was ___________. Unfortunately, this practice limits inmates with HIV from transferring to facilities that may have unique work or school programs, and may result in persons with HIV being imprisoned far from visitors, thereby limiting or preventing visitations. If appointments cannot be made in advance, make walk-in arrangements with clinical providers. Intensive supervision probation(ISP) involves? Prevalence studies of incarcerated populations in the United States have found higher rates of multiple chronic medical conditions, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, asthma, arthritis, and malignancies, when compared with the general population in the United States, even with adjustment for sociodemographic factors and alcohol consumption. [41] Prisoners may have concerns about confidentiality and/or lack trust in the prison health care system; these may compromise adherence and deter inmates from acknowledging their HIV status and accessing HIV care.[41,45]. Research has shown that face-to-face contact before release results in increased likelihood of continuity in the community. Referral for mental health support as indicated. The first legislation authorizing parole in the United States was enacted in ___________. Calculate the probabilities for the center as shown in parts (a), (b), and (c ), and show that intentionally fouling the Portland Trail Blazers' center is a better strategy than intentionally fouling Jamal Crawford. According to Cullen and Gendreau, rehabilitation strangely enough, works very well with murderers. the right to vote, the right to hold public office, the right to serve on a grand or petit jury, or the right to get married. April 26, 2018. In 2014, the mean annual wage for state correctional officers was ________. B. Those officers who supervise inmates in the prison athletic areas or recreational areas are called ___________. The first written laws of Rome were called? [2,7,8] The prevalence of HIV among inmates in state prisons varies significantly by geographic region, with New York, Louisiana, and Florida having the highest prevalence (3.0% or greater) (Figure 10). [9,22,23] A large meta-analysis estimated the incidence of transmission of viral infections within prisons and found rates of 0.08 per 100 person-years with HIV. Majors, captains and correctional officers charged with maintaining order and security are called_____________. The "Founder of Probation" is John Augustus. Alabama Alaska American Samoa Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware [19,20] Although the overall rate of AIDS-related deaths in prison has declined since 2001, the rate of AIDS-related deaths among Black inmates has remained higher than in White or Hispanic inmates. Source: Maruschak LM, Bronson J. HIV in Prisons, 2015Statistical Tables. [20] Adequate discharge planning and linkage to community medical care upon release often fall short of practices recommended by the CDC and only 30% of individuals are retained in HIV medical care after 6 months in the community. Which of the following is NOT one of those states? Emergency release options for special docket offenders, generally used to relieve prison overcrowding are called? By law, antiretroviral therapy must be available to all inmates who have HIV. A device consisting of nine knotted cords fastened to a wooden handle used for whipping a convicted subject was a Cat-o'-nine tails. A search of a prisoner's cell is called a? In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court hold that inmates skilled in legal matters must be permitted to assist other inmates in preparing cases unless the government provides a reasonable alternative? Which of the following statements regarding prison subcultures is true? Which of the following is NOT a value or norm of the convict code? C. This is called__________. [9] Although the number of persons who have ever injected drugs is not routinely assessed in prison populations, a 2004 Bureau of Justice Special Report noted that 23% of persons in state prisonsand 18% of individuals in federal prisonsreported ever having used heroin/opiates. In the correctional context the relationship between inmate privacy and institutional right-to-know remains contested, since correctional institutions are not alwasy considered covered entities under HIPAA. How can one compensate for the effects of price instability when constructing cost estimates using high-low or regression techniques? ___________ officers are experienced correctional officers who know and can perform almost any custody role in the institution. True or False? [44,45] In Connecticut, psychiatric disorders were common in the HIV-seropositive prisoner cohort and 45.6% were taking either antidepressants or antipsychotic medications. A financial penalty used as a criminal sanction is called a? Correctional Officer Duties & Responsibilites | CorrectionalOfficer.org [41] In a small exploratory study of 42 men and transgender women with HIV who were recently released from correctional centers in Illinois, only about one-half of the men said they reported their HIV status at jail or prison entry and some study participants only disclosed their HIV status to the correctional officers when their health deteriorated. All of these infection control strategies would also provide an opportunity to address prevention of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is important given that as many as 41% of inmates have chronic HCV. answer choices. A person who is conditionally released from prison to community supervision is referred to as a ____________. An inmate with an officer does not need a pass. They have formal authority to command. It also been observed that the functions have only one asymptote. The other major goal of probation and parole . Mandatory release is similar to ________ in that persons let out under either arrangement ordinarily receive a period of community supervision. ___________ is/are the common denominator for most offenders in the criminal justice system? Psychologists, psychiatrists, medical doctors, nurses, teachers and others who contract with the institution to provide services are called___________. The Supreme Court ruled in__________that it was unconstitutional and a violation of the Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishment to execute people for crimes that were committed before turning age 18. A. Buyers cannot move . Fails when it's ill conceived and/or not implemented as designed. When a juvenile court transfers jurisdiction of a case to an adult court it is called a? Prisoners who were sent to Australia, and then committed further felonies, were sent to __________. Juveniles can never be held in adult jails. Women make up ______ percent of the parole population. These officers are an underutilized resource, perhaps because of the public's misunderstanding of their role. [74] Moreover, some investigators have also demonstrated that incarceration disrupts primary intimate relationships, suggesting that use of prison-based programs to help prisoners and their partners maintain their relationship during incarceration may reduce the number of sexual contacts after release.[75]. In a retrospective review involving 882 prisoners with HIV in the Connecticut Department of Corrections system, virologic suppression (less than 400 copies/mL) improved from 29.8% at entry to 70.0% by release. Directly observed antiretroviral therapy is less convenient, decreases patient control, and may inadvertently jeopardize confidentiality. Those officers who are responsible for supervising inmates in housing areas are called __________. The court held that prison officials could not lawfully demonstrate deliberate indifference to the medical needs of prisoners in the case of? Some officers become intrusive and pry into the personal lives of inmates. The Wickersham Commission was appointed by President__________________. Indeed, for some individuals, the structured environment of incarceration may lead to better adherence to antiretroviral treatment than with their adherence in a community setting, regardless of how the medications are dispensed. Since individuals often engage in activities that may increase risk for HIV acquisition following release from the correctional setting, secondary prevention is a critical component of transitional care planning. [4] The demographics of community corrections closely mirrors that of jail and prison settings, with disproportionate representation of poor, disadvantaged, and racial and ethnic minorities. The numbers for each year represent a sample taken at one point in time. Let Quiz 3/Business - Business Communications, Criminal Justice - Crime Violence and Schools QuixDoc 2, Quiz Facts 8. Which of the following statements is true about correctional officers Probation Officer Job Description, Duties, & Role - Study.com HIV and Corrections - Key Populations - National HIV Curriculum If possible, allow the community care provider to visit the inmate before release. A crime punishable by death or by incarceration in a prison facility for a year or more is called a? At least_________ percent of the inmates who enter prisons eventually return to the community. Prisons have long had the right to provide only the minimal conditions necessary for human survival. Incarceration offers a structured environment to initiate and continue antiretroviral therapy. anti-staff mentality, interracial tension, or levels of violence. From 1775 through 1856, English offenders were sent to _________ as punishment for crimes. PDF What Corrections Professionals Can Do to Prevent Suicide Which of the following states paid its correctional officers the highest median annual wage in 2014? [11,26] For some inmates with HIV, the correctional setting may be their first engagement in HIV care, and during incarceration substantial gains may be made along all steps in the HIV care cascade, including increasing the percentages of persons taking antiretroviral therapy and achieving virologic suppression. The normal patterns of behavior expected of those holding particular social positions are called__________. For this analysis, undetectable HIV RNA was defined as HIV RNA level of less than 500 copies/mL. Therefore, the functions are exponential. Personalism & Modern Psychology Plato's Meno, Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Operations Management: Sustainability and Supply Chain Management, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Service Management: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology, Electoral Process and Propaganda Techniques Q. The religious order that pushed for prison reform of the Walnut Street Jail was the? Assist the inmate with scheduling an appointment with the community care provider. Which of the following statements is true? Quiz - Quizizz The nation's best-known prison hospice program is the one at? They always seek the easy path and they plot to win the cushiest jobs. There are fewer women working as correctional officers than there are working as police officers. Expedited HIV care may be necessary for special clinical circumstances including acute HIV,an acute opportunistic infection, and HIV during pregnancy. The inmates' perception that certain correctional officers have valuable skills gives rise to ___________. Overcrowding, one of the most pressing problems, has created the dilemma of? [11] As a result of improvements in antiretroviral therapies over time, the number of AIDS-related deaths in corrections has plummeted since the mid-1990s, similar to the trend in the general population; in recent years, fewer than 75 AIDS-related deaths per year have occurred in prisons (Figure 16). The case of__________supported the use of the death penalty if the State used guided discretionary capital statutes. The idea of probation and parole is to reintroduce the offender into society as a productive member. Barriers to successful antiretroviral therapy within the correctional setting include high rates of substance use and mental health disorders, lack of continuity of medical care, distrust of prison-based medical care, and concerns about confidentiality and safety. Some inmates with newly diagnosed HIV may require outside expert medical consultation. [11] Incarcerated women with HIV have an even higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders than their male counterparts. An assault in progress obviously calls for the use of force and/or a retreat by the . Time taken off an inmate's sentence for participating in certain activities such as going to school, learning a trade and working inprison is called _____________. On June 19, 2002, the Supreme Court held in_______that the execution of the mentally retarded is cruel and unusual punishment prohibited by the Eighth Amendment. According to the text, which of the following statements about corrections officers' unions is true? In addition to charging inmates housing and medical co-pay fees as a way to offset jail operations, some jurisdictions have added pay-to-stay jails. The author of On Crimes and Punishments was? The region of the country with the highest number of parolees is the ___________. Added 11/4/2021 7:21:03 PM. Inmates skilled in legal matters are known as ________. The case of_________ruled that "guilty beyond a reasonable doubt" should be the standard in all delinquency adjudications. The beliefs, values and behaviors of staff that differ greatly from those of the inmates are called____________. Jails confine persons before or after . These cases typically involve police officers, jailers, correctional officers, probation officers, prosecutors, judges, and other federal, state, or local law enforcement officials. A punishment that is grossly disproportionate to the offense as well as those that transgress today's broad and idealistic concepts of dignity, civilized standards, humanity and decency is said to be? The Supreme Court has ruled that censorship in prisons is legal only if it furthers one of three substantial government interests. World Prison Brief, Institute for Criminal Policy Research. Incarcerated individuals who exhibit unique physical, mental, social and progammatic needs that distinguish them from other prisoners are called? What is described as the secret exchange of goods and services among inmates? It is easy to state that one should not engage in sexual encounters, but it is harder to discuss and identify feelings that develop in correctional settings, such as transference and counter-transference feelings in a therapeutic relationship. The patterns of behavior expected of correctional staff members in particular jobs are called__________. -New offenders are socialized into the prison subculture through a process known as prisonization. Pseudofamilies exist in men's prisons in the same manner they exists in women's prisons. Option A is correct. The Check-on-Learning Questions are short and topic related. Paramedics from the adjoining firehouse were called and unsuccessfully tried to resuscitate the prisoner. Correctional officers dispense both formal and informal sanctions to induce cooperation among inmates. At the end of 2012, about ________ percent of the security staff in state correctional agencies were white. Court will convene at 9:30 a.m. For his crimes, Fay received a sentence of? The buyer has always had more power than the seller. As noted earlier, other non-HIV-related chronic medical conditions may also complicate care. Medical evaluation including staging of HIV and diagnosis of comorbidities and opportunistic infections. Prison construction is estimated to be at______a year. This system called for solitary confinement at labor, with instruction in labor, morals and religion. A police force with integrity is one with little or no misconduct or corruption. A Latin term that refers to the state as guardian of minors and incompetent people is called? These include untreated mental illness, medication side effects, lack of trust in the medical provider or in the benefit of taking antiretroviral medications, and social isolation. A person appointed by the juvenile court to serve as a special guardian for the youth being processed through thejuvenile justice system is called a? Funding to various correctional agencies has been cut since 9/11 and has been allocated to? The ________ model holds that the inmate society is shaped by factors external to the prison environmentspecifically, the preprison experiences and socialization patterns that inmates bring with them when they enter prison. Criminologists Richard Hawkins and Geoffrey Alpert observe that the work of correctional officers is characterized by both ________. Adult offenders are arrested; juvenile offenders are? The country of_______was known for burning people alive. Early release based on the paroling authority's assessment of eligibilty is called _____________. Collaborate with state and local offices administering benefit and entitlement programs to facilitate pre-release applications and benefit reinstatements. A method the U.S. Supreme Court uses to decide prisoner's rights cases, weighing the rights claimed by inmates against the legitimate needs of prisons is called the__________? Further, efforts to cohort HIV-seropositive inmates also have in some cases led to adverse health outcomes, due to close proximity of multiple persons with immune suppression. Which of the following is usually not a characteristic of women's prisons? PDF Home Probation and Parole Officers and Discretionary Decision-Making The process, however, remains slow and difficult, primarily because the necessary funding is simply not available. This is called _________. The estimated national cost per year to confine an inmate over 55 years old is? The United States correctional system consists of local and tribal jails, state prisons, federal prisons, military and immigration facilities, and community correctional facilities, which includes probation and parole programs. According to the text which of the following statements This impacts correctional administrators' ability to? Revocation hearings usually begin with a violation report prepared by the probation officer. The CDC report on HIV Testing Implementation Guidance for Correctional Settings includes recommendations on linkage to appropriate medical care upon release from custody (Table 2). Entering the ________ of a prison means finding in the diverse environment of the institution a niche that will accommodate an inmate's unique combination of needs. that an officer had to run to a squad car for a chain cutter. Question: Which of the following statements is true? [11,12,13] Available data suggest that for persons with HIV and a history of opioid dependence, receipt of opiate agonist therapy within an HIV clinic upon release from prison improves HIV treatment outcomes in the community. Community corrections officers have some discretion in setting reporting requirements and the strictness of [26,30] Release from prison has been associated with increases in HIV RNA levels and decreased CD4 counts, which reflect some of the challenges with engaging in medical care and adhering to antiretroviral therapy while trying to reintegrate into society. c. This graphic illustrates the concept that many more persons in the United States move through jails over time than in prisons. Many of the barriers to successful antiretroviral therapy within prison are similar to those outside the correctional system. They are judged frivolous and are lost in the trial stage. To which of the following due process protections are they NOT entitled? 2. April 2020. The case of Cruz v. Beto established the right of prisoners to have visits. March 3, 2023 Alex Murdaugh sentenced to life in prison b. An executive act that removes both punishment and guilt is called a __________. [69,70] Adherence counseling is particularly important, as studies have demonstrated that adherence to antiretroviral therapy is low in persons who have experienced multiple incarcerations. [14,15], In the United States, the absolute number of men with HIV in state or federal prisons is consistently greater than the number of women by a ratio of more than 10 to 1, which is not surprising given the prison population is predominantly male. a. The equal-protection clause under the ________ Amendment has led the Supreme Court to forbid racial discrimination and has led state courts to target gender discrimination. 2.2 Utilitarian Ethics. Quiz Fall 8-Criminal Justice - Core Introductory - Quizgoat officer's supervisor. True or False? Provide the inmate with date, time, and location of first post-release appointment in writing. Wardens, superintendents, assistant superintendents and others charged with running the institution and its programs are called__________. See Answer See Answer See Answer done loading. Jake is an inmate in a large state prison. Corrections Departments by State. Psychology - What is Psychology? The ________ is a theory that states that the inmate society arises as a response to the prison environment and the painful conditions of confinement. In the United States, the HIV prevalence among incarcerated individuals is 1.3%, which is more than three times higher than among the general population. Most inmates with HIV will qualify for free or low-cost medical treatment at clinics federally funded through the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Treatment Modernization Act of 2006. Which of the following is NOT a civil right commonly forfeited by convicted felons? Diversion has its roots in ________theory. The "poorhouse of the twentieth century" are? While blacks account for 12% of the U.S. population they account for _____ of the correctional workforce. [26] Fewer than 30% of persons with HIV in the United States who enter the correctional system do so with an undetectable HIV RNA level. What Latin term is defined as a court order requiring that a confined person be brought to court so that his or her claims can be heard? 2015;42:643-9. Which of the following is NOT one of those categories? Most systems provide 30 days or less of antiretroviral medications, which is problematic since the wait time for an appointment at many community clinics often exceeds a month. According to the philosopher, the duration of a 'second' is precise. emdjay23. The first ten amendments to the United States Constitution are known as the ? [54,55,56] Inmates with HIV have a very high rate of HCV coinfection, mental illness, and illiteracy: Incarcerated persons with HIV often present complex management challenges to prison medical staff who lack HIV expertise. A ________ is an institutional setting in which people are cut off from the wider society and are expected to live according to institutional rules and procedures. The court held that a potential juror's mere reservation about the death penalty was insufficient grounds to prevent that person from serving on the jury in a death penalty case in? The transition from a correctional facility to the community is a critical event for persons with HIV. For more information, please visit, Current Version: nhivc-master-1b053ef6-2023-03-04-171837, Antiretroviral Medications and Initial Therapy, Adverse Effects of Antiretroviral Medications, Drug Interactions with Antiretroviral Medications, Switching or Simplifying Antiretroviral Therapy, Evaluation and Management of Virologic Failure, Preventing HIV Transmission in Persons with HIV, HIV in Racial and Ethnic Minority Populations, HIV in Sexual and Gender Minority Populations, Persons Incarcerated in Prisons or Jails at Single Point in Time, Persons Incarcerated in Prisons or Jails Over Time, Global Prison Population Totals, by Country, 2018, Estimated Number of Incarcerated Adults in United States, 1980 through 2016, Estimated Number of Incarcerated Adults in United States, by Correctional Status, 1980 through 2016, Persons Under the Jurisdiction of State or Federal Correctional Authorities, United States, 2007 through 2018, Persons in Prison, by State or Federal Corrections, United States, 2007 through 2018, Persons in Prison, by Sex, United States, 2007 through 2018, Persons Under the Jurisdiction of State or Federal Correctional Authorities, by Race, United States, 2007 through 2018, Persons with HIV (and HIV Rate) per 100,000 in State and Federal Prisons Combined, 19912015, Persons in Prison with HIV in State Versus Federal Prisons, 19912015, Estimated Number and Percentage of Persons with HIV in State and Federal Prisons, by Sex, United States, 2010 through 2015, HIV Testing Practices During the Prison Intake Process, 2011 and 2015, CDC-Funded HIV Testing in Correctional Facilities and Percentage HIV Positive, United States, 2009-2013, Number of Persons in Correctional Facilities Newly Diagnosed with HIV and Percentage Linked to Medical Care, United States, 2009-2013, The HIV Care Cascade Before, During, and After Incarceration, Number of AIDS-Related Deaths Among Persons in State Prisons, 19912015, Estimated Number of Persons Supervised by United States Adult Correctional Systems, by Correctional Status, 2016, Enter the e-mail address of the recipient, Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine, Injectable Formulation, Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, Stanford University: HIV Drug Resistance Database, HHS: Adult and Adolescent OI Prevention and Treatment Guidelines, HHS: Pediatric OI Prevention and Treatment Guidelines, CDC & HHS: Nonoccupational PEP Guidelines, CDC: Laboratory Testing for the Diagnosis of HIV, UCSF: Guidelines for Care of Transgender and Gender Nonbinary People, Overview of United States Correctional System, Epidemiology and Prevention of HIV in Correctional Setting, Gender Differences in HIV Prevalence in Prisons, Racial Disparities in HIV Prevalence in Prisons, Prevention of Intra-Prison Transmission of HIV, HCV, and HBV, HIV Testing Practices in Correctional Facilities, Studies of HIV Testing in Correctional Facilities, Linkage to HIV Medical Care and Referral to Partner Services, Antiretroviral Therapy in the Correctional Setting, Initiation and Continuation of Antiretroviral Therapy, Barriers to Antiretroviral Therapy Success in Correctional Settings, Access to Antiretroviral Therapy in Correctional Settings, HIV Care Cascade and Outcomes in the Correctional Setting, Maintaining Confidentiality in the Correctional Setting, Privacy and Confidentiality in Correctional Settings, Chronic Medical Conditions Among Inmates Living with HIV, Use of Telemedicine for HIV Care in Correctional Settings, Transition from the Correctional Setting to the Community, Community Oriented Correctional Health Services, University of Washington School of Nursing, Compare rates of HIV among the incarcerated population and the general population in the United States, Describe issues related to HIV medication administration and adherence within correctional facilities, Summarize recommendations for linking persons with HIV to clinical care after release from a correctional facility.

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