content theories include all of the following theories except:

Extrinsic motivation increases as intrinsic motivation decreases! They do it because it is intrinsically motivating; the hobby satisfies needs for competence, autonomy, and relatedness. ERG also focuses attention explicitly on movement through the set of needs in both directions. Many needs are learned. They feel personally responsible for completing whatever tasks they are assigned. Therapy in which the goal is to help clients overcome problems by learning to think more rationally and logically. One wonders if athletes like Tim Tebow are self-actualizing when they participate in multiple sporting endeavors at the professional level. b) Higher-order needs become less important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. d) Felt positive inequity b. providing a value system. First, managers should address the hygiene factors. Biology questions and answers. ) 4. According to Maslow, Nicole is driven by which of these needs? b) Esteem, safety, social, physiological, and self-actualization a. Bitcoin or net neutrality, sea levels or factory farmingsocial causes bind us to a larger context or assume a higher purpose for living better. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. In the context of motivation, persistence refers to __________. b.) Murrays main premise was that people have a variety of needs, but only a few are expressed at a given time. Herzberg argued that there are two sets of needs, instead of the five sets theorized by Maslow. Do you think most companies CSR programs are essentially PR gimmicks? In the case of extrinsic motivation, we endeavor to acquire something that satisfies a lower-order need. 52. He refers to these factors as satisfiers to reflect their ability to provide satisfying experiences. e) Interactional justice. b) Alderfer's ERG theory. Busi 240 Liberty University Quiz 3BUSI 240 Quiz 2. With its purpose and goals defined, it can then educate the workforce on sustainable methods to create knowledge and competence. Which of the following statements accurately describes Herzberg's hygiene factors? b. According to self-determination theory, skilled workers who are given a chance to hone their skills and the freedom to practice their craft will be intrinsically motivated. To please and win affection of a coveted object. McClellands other power seeker is the social power seeker. The use of a formal, written agreement between the therapist and client (or other parties) that clearly states behavioral goals, reinforcements, and penalties. D) a constant intensity. Employees who continuously have to be told how to do their jobs require an overly large management team, and too many layers of management spell trouble in the current marketplace. an individual's choice when presented with a number of possible alternatives. Once those needs have been satisfied, the next level, social needs, become energized. Further, evidence in support of the three need categories and their order tends to be stronger than evidence for Maslows five need categories and their relative order. A latent need cannot be inferred from a persons behavior at a given time, yet the person may still possess that need. 54. d) ERG theory provides a timeline for action, but Maslow's theory does not. With no trains running, MTA employees are able to inspect signals, replace rails and crossties, scrape track floors, clean stations, and paint areas that are not reachable during normal train operation. Term. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. Teleological theories include all of the following except A) Ethical egoism B) Utilitarianism C) Altruism D)Ethical egalitarianism Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 42 D Click the card to flip Flashcards Learn Test Match Created by Vickemz Terms in this set (42) Teleological theories include all of the following except A) Ethical egoism A motive is a source of motivation; it is the need that a person is attempting to satisfy. Content theories are also sometimes called needs theories. Why? c) affiliation d) Social c) Expectancy c) When a person will react to specific management styles To act for fun without further purpose. and more. b) the amount of effort a person puts forth McClelland has argued that the high need for social power is the most important motivator for successful managers. 2017. This company spent two years perfecting gym socks, and it paid off. Business Insider. e) social needs tend to be dominant in more collectivist societies. b) improved working conditions e.) growth, The ERG theory contends that __________. b) Equity, reinforcers, and goals This doesnt mean that they avoid other people, or that they dislike others. e) relatedness, According to McClelland, someone with a high need for _________ is drawn to interpersonal relationships and opportunities for communication. e) In collectivist cultures, people seem to be more concerned about equality than equity. That is, most people spend much of their lives developing self-esteem and the esteem of others. a.) b) instrumentality Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. a) Lower-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. To form and further an erotic relationship. http://www.businessinsider.com/bombas-athletic-sock-review-2017-1. Content theories explain work motivation in terms of what arouses, energizes, or initiates employee behavior. c) Higher-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. To defend the self against assault, criticism, and blame. Herzberg also refers to these factors as dissatisfiers because they are frequently associated with dissatisfied employees. d) Cells are made up of similar shapes, colors, and sizes. One of your authors has a father-in-law who would much rather spend his weekends digging holes (for various home projects) than going fishing. e) subconscious goals and conscious goals are not linked, a) difficult goals lead to higher performance than "do your best" or easy goals, ________ conducted research on subconscious goal motivation. Previously, most organizations attended primarily to hygiene factors. Maslow believed that most people become fixated at this level. A near-death experience (NDE) is a profound personal experience associated with death or impending death which researchers claim share similar characteristics.When positive, such experiences may encompass a variety of sensations including detachment from the body, feelings of levitation, total serenity, security, warmth, the experience of absolute dissolution, and the presence of a light. Of the three needs studied by McClelland, nAch has the greatest impact. The second component, frustration, occurs when we attempt but fail to satisfy a particular need. b) Instrumentality An example of commutative justice occurs when all parties in a sexual harassment complaint perceive themselves as having full access to all the available facts and information. d) Motivation = expectancy X rewards X valence According to Suppes, all of the following are functions of theory except a. organizing specific data. Factors inside the person that cause people to perform tasks, intrinsic motivation, arise out of performing a task in and of itself, because it is interesting or fun to do. contingency contracting f. Therapies that strive to help clients understand their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. We strive to make the need disappear. e) ERG theory focuses on the consequences of an individual's behavior, whereas Maslow's theory does not. c.) physiological, safety, and social. Two features of needs are key to understanding motivation. b) the five need levels may vary according to a person's career stage, the size of the organization, or geographical location. 55. Equity a) opportunity for advancement. Management by objectives is criticized for placing too much emphasis on all of the following EXECPT: High social power seekers are concerned with goals that a work group has set for itself, and they are motivated to influence others to achieve the goal. The Promotion contains a game of chance . Manifest needs theory assumes that human behavior is driven by the desire to satisfy needs. But, if they have achievement needs, the job itself creates little motivation to perform. c) People who feel they are overpaid tend to decrease the quantity or quality of their work, whereas people who feel they are underpaid tend to increase the quantity or quality of their work. b) The theory has been scientifically verified with methods other than the original. d) Goals are most likely to motivate people toward higher performance when they are accepted and there is commitment to them. See Answer. c.) relatedness As a result, they perform better in jobs that require teamwork. then you must include on every physical page the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe motivator factors in the two-factor theory? a. They recorded $97,440 in accounts receivable for the year and$288,550 in credit sales. All of the following are examples of stage theories in development except _____. b) Social d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. Motivator factors involve our long-term need to pursue psychological growth (much like Maslows esteem and self-actualization needs). Understand the contributions that Murray, McClelland, Maslow, Alderfer, and Herzberg made toward an understanding of human motivation. and you must attribute OpenStax. e) Growth, According to ERG, ____________ needs reflect a desire for continued personal development. To adhere and remain loyal to a friend. All of the following statements about the equity theory of motivation are correct EXCEPT: If motivator needs are ignored, neither long-term satisfaction nor high motivation is likely. Henry A. Murray recognized this problem and condensed the list into a few instinctive and learned needs.3 Instincts, which Murray called primary needs, include physiological needs for food, water, sex (procreation), urination, and so on. a) goal-oriented rewards. How cognitive processes as thoughts and decisions within the minds of people influence their behavior. c) top-down goals. c) Expectancy To praise, honor, or eulogize. Lastly, the aspiration component of the ERG model notes that, by its very nature, growth is intrinsically satisfying. Hygiene needs, on the other hand, must be met to avoid dissatisfaction (but do not necessarily provide satisfaction or motivation).15. c) job enrichment b) difficult goals frustrate workers Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. a) Distributive justice e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. d) 28 b) Hygiene factors refer to job content. benzodiazepines e. The use of drugs to control or relieve the symptoms of psychological disorders. 51. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. d) Clayton Alderfer SDT theory has interesting implications for the management of organizational behavior. An invoice of $3168 from Scottish Importers has cash terms of 4/20 EOM and is dated June 5. relation to the euro, what is the d) Goal setting To like to laugh and make jokes. d) Higher and lower-order needs become equally important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. a.) Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. c) Assumed positive inequity c) hygiene factors b) Motivation = expectancy X equity X rewards The group-level approach is generally superior to the individual-level approach in assessing leader effectiveness. Herzbergs theory has made lasting contributions to organizational research and managerial practice. Joanna likes attention and is driven by seeking influence over others. A need is a human condition that becomes "energized" when people feel deficient in some respect. e) equity, Which equation correctly reflects Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation? Even if the virtues in different cultural contexts have the same name, like "honesty" or "justice," they may well be different in their essential content. Employees high in nAff should be placed in jobs that require or allow interactions with other employees. (After all, doesnt everyone want to be paid well? He called the first set motivators (or growth needs). One major implication of Herzbergs motivator-hygiene theory is the somewhat counterintuitive idea that managers should focus more on motivators than on hygienes. There are not enough workers who feel personal satisfaction for having the cleanest floors in a building. 60. The Anti-Immigration Protests. This need is the second of McClellands learned needs. a. So, high-nAff employees will be especially motivated to perform well if others depend on them. 56. d) tacit negative inequity First, when a need has been energized, we are motivated to satisfy it. b) hygiene factors are sources of job dissatisfaction. a) Acquired needs theory Herzberg recommends using _________ to build motivators into job content. McClellands research differs from Murrays in that McClelland studied three needs in depth: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power (often abbreviated, in turn, as nAch, nAff, and nPow).5 McClelland believes that these three needs are learned, primarily in childhood. c) McClelland's acquired needs theory. insight therapies a. Which of the following needs are addressed in Alderfer's theory? b) self esteem If the dollar decreases in value in b) possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs b) only two needs may be activated at the same time Understand the content theories of motivation. b) changing the outcomes received. c) Two-factor theory a) not possible to teach people to develop need profiles required for success in different jobs d) affiliation factors a) the length of time a person sticks with a given action a) pay a) Expectations, relationships, and goals The OpenStax name, OpenStax logo, OpenStax book covers, OpenStax CNX name, and OpenStax CNX logo When a person is behaving in a way that satisfies some need, Murray called the need manifest. The theories presented in this section focus on the importance of human needs. Many companies are successfully motivating their staff, and working toward more sustainable practices, while improving lives directly. To surrender. To oppose forcefully or punish another. Employees can be dissatisfied, neutral, or satisfied with their jobs, depending on their levels of hygienes and motivators. Webinars can also be accessed in recorded form at any time 24/7 during the 6-week session. To better understand the nAch motive, its helpful to describe high-nAch people. Which of the following theory has used "General Systems Theory" as a framework for its development? (Credit: Patrick Cashin/ flickr/ Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)), Corporate Social Responsibility as a Motivating Force, (Credit: Adrenalin Tim /flickr/ Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)), (Attribution: Copyright Rice University, OpenStax, under CC-BY 4.0 license), Satisfying Existence, Relatedness, and Growth Needs, Jamie Dimon, CEO at JP Morgan Chase, is reported to make $27 million dollars per year, and as CEO has an interesting and intrinsically rewarding job. social, esteem, and self-actualization. According to McClelland, Joanna has a high need for _____________. To feed, help, support, console, protect, comfort, nurse, heal. 49. d) valences Motivators relate to job content. Abeka speech for every day review quiz 1 Flashcards. But paying him more will not cause long-term satisfaction unless motivators are present. The genetic theory of aging states that lifespan is largely determined by the genes we inherit. Other companies have made social responsibility an everyday part of what they do. Which of the following is the correct order of Maslow's needs from the lowest (lower-order need) to the highest (higher-order need)? A high social power seeker satisfies needs for power by influencing others, like the personal power seeker. The implications of Maslows theory for organizational behavior are as much conceptual as they are practical. c) the satisfaction of a need at one level will always decrease its importance and increase the importance of the next lower need. b) goal-oriented punishments. a) Positive inequity citation tool such as, Authors: David S. Bright, Anastasia H. Cortes. According to Bhattacharya, a company needs to first define what it does and its long-term purpose, and then reconcile its sustainability goals with its economic goals. The degree to which the rules and procedures specified by policies are properly followed in all cases to which they are applied is known as __________. c) Two-factor theory Maslow's social needs tend to be more important in more collectivist societies like Mexico, thereby challenging the structured approach to the pyramid across cultures. c.) Expectancy d. A disaster may have a known and gradual onset Disasters frequently result in all of the following EXCEPT a. content theories include all of the following theories except: gaisano grand mall mission and visionjuin 29, 2022 There are four major ethical theories: deontology (or duty), utilitarianism, rights, and virtue. e) relatedness factors. They look at motivation from the perspective of our needs and aspirations. e) ERG, 68. 61. e) expectancy or instrumentality or valence equals zero, d) expectancy, instrumentality, and valence are all high, According to expectancy theory, managers can influence workers' __________ by clarifying performance-reward relationships and confirming these relationships when rewards are actually given for performance accomplishments. d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization With regards to motivation, which of the following best defines direction? LEVEL 2 Wine Online with Tasting Kit Course runs April 3 - May 8, 2023 Live Webinars: Mondays 4/10, 4/17, 4/24 and 5/08 from 3pm-4:30pm ET. Research indicates that general goals are much more motivational than specific goals. Where would you place that on Maslows hierarchy of needs? To overcome opposition forcefully. When theyre present in sufficient quantities, we avoid dissatisfaction, but they do not contribute to satisfaction. b) sense of achievement. They accept credit for success and blame for failure. 48. To speculate, formulate, analyze, and generalize. Refinements of Maslows theory in recent years reflect this more limited hierarchy.11 The self-assessment below will allow you to evaluate the strength of your five needs. evolution, theory in biology postulating that the various types of plants, animals, and other living things on Earth have their origin in other preexisting types and that the distinguishable differences are due to modifications in successive generations. The Anti-Immigration Protests Q9 - All of the following are policy/program implications from rational theories EXCEPT: Relatively high pay is necessary to sustain performance on certain low-skill jobs. ______________ is classified as a content theory. The Prison Expansion Era. d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization, Which of the following needs did Maslow describe as higher-order needs? You may have noticed that content theories are somewhat quiet about what determines the intensity of motivation. Hygiene factors are not directly related to the work itself (job content). d) It is more effective in non-United States cultures. Skills-based math and English classes help develop reasoning skills, while textbook exercises ensure long-term mastery of each. [2] In addition to individual differences in development, developmental psychologists generally agree that development occurs in an orderly way and in different areas simultaneously. Exhibit 14.6 illustrates Maslows proposed hierarchy of needs. b) Equity e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. Bhattacharya credits the success of Unilever, and other companies with similar engagement levels, to an emphasis on a sustainable business model. He outlines eight steps that companies take to move sustainability and social responsibility from buzzwords to a company mission capable of motivating employees (Knowledge @ Wharton 2016). Herzbergs work suggests a two-stage process for managing employee motivation and satisfaction. e) less than two needs must be activated at the same time, c) more than one need may be activated at the same time, Which of the following content theories of motivation is associated with the needs for achievement, affiliation, and power? e) Less difficult goals are more likely to lead to higher performance than are more difficult goals. Rather than schedule these inspections during regular hours, they consulted with the maintenance workers, who suggested doing the inspections while sections of the subway were closed to trains for seven consecutive hours. VOID WHERE PROHIBITED. Accounting and Finance Political Theory (PLH-1) Criminal Law - II (0303) Masters of Business Administration export import (1723) Bsc Nursing (BNurs2011) Bachelors of Business Administration in Finance & Investment Analysis (BBA1) MBA (33A) Contract (140) MBA (CRIM) Bachler of art (eli) English (BCA302) Mechanical Engineering (BE MECH) Trending . a) difficult goals lead to higher performance than "do your best" or easy goals Do you think social responsibility to promote sustainable practices? d. serving as a research framework. Determine the amount of cash collections for the period. abeka curriculum controversy. Furthermore, since meeting these needs does not provide satisfaction, Herzberg concludes that they do not motivate workers. E) an attitudinal trait. Apparently, people dont go through the five levels in a fixed fashion. b) Hierarchy of needs theory All of the following descriptions of Maslow's needs hierarchy are correct EXCEPT: Jason Mackenzie Alexander argues morality is a form of social technology - it is context specific and it can go out-of-date Considerable numbers of studies have demonstrated that tasks are intrinsically motivating when they satisfy at least one of three higher-order needs: competence, autonomy, and relatedness. c) Safety, self-actualization, and social (Credit: Stefan Chow/ flickr/ Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)), https://openstax.org/books/principles-management/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/principles-management/pages/14-2-content-theories-of-motivation, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The distinction between instinctive and learned needs sometimes blurs; for example, is our need to socialize with other people instinctive or learned? Maslow went on to propose five basic types of human needs. e) assumed negative inequity, According to equity theory, which of the following exists when an individual feels that he or she has received relatively more than others have received? The unique feature of Herzbergs theory is that job conditions that prevent dissatisfaction do not cause satisfaction. d) hygiene factors d) power b) Hierarchy of needs theory a) The multiplier effect is still in question. d) Existence, relatedness, and goals a) ERG theory As these needs are satisfied, our growth needs become more active. Vroom's expectancy theory argues that work motivation is determined by an individual's beliefs regarding the linkage between effort and performance, the linkage between performance and work outcomes, and the value placed on those work outcomes. d) understand individual employee needs and create work environments that respond to them. Concept related to Betty Neuman's System Model of Nursing is: A. b) It fails to help explain any cross-cultural management situations. Exhibit 14.6 shows how Maslows theory relates to factors that organizations can influence. Launched in 2013, Bombas is the brain child of Randy Goldberg and David Heath. 59. To influence or direct the behavior of others by suggestion, seduction, persuasion, or command. e.) safety and self-actualization. To have sexual intercourse. Kohlberg's theory of moral development Piaget's stages of cognitive development Erikson's stages of psychosocial development Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development b) It should be consistent across different cultures. a) Acquired needs a. She enjoys feeling a sense of belonging. They differ in that they feel best when they have influenced a work group to achieve the groups goals, and not some personal agenda. Developing and sustaining a helping-trusting, authentic caring relationship Creative use of self and all ways of knowing as part of the caring process to engage in artistry of caring-healing practices Practice of loving kindness and equanimity (self-control/composure) within context of caring consciousness According to this perspective, the manager's job is to identify what people need and then to make sure that the work environment becomes a means of satisfying these needs. Hygiene b) Physiological c) valence is high and expectancy and instrumentality are low d) People with a high need for achievement will also have a high need for affiliation. To answer this question, we must examine types of motivation. c) Higher-order needs become more important as individuals move up the corporate ladder. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like All of the following are reasons to examine criminological theories of crime EXCEPT ______., A criminal justice professional who does not understand criminal justice research is comparable to a ______., Criminological theories are all of the following EXCEPT ______. The diversity of the living world is staggering. Multiple Choice Quiz. b) self esteem e) The absence of motivator factors causes job dissatisfaction. Watson's carative factors include all the following, EXCEPT: A. 2017. RBS boosts employee motivation and engagement through its CSR approach. employee benefits. Companies benefit from reduced waste and increased employee engagement. Satisfaction and dissatisfaction are on different scales in his view. d) Equity d) Safety d) Higher-order We will always satisfy our need for water before we satisfy our social needs; water needs have prepotency over social needs. c) Goals are most likely to lead to higher performance when people have the abilities and the feelings of self-efficacy required to accomplish them. a) Esteem, social, and safety To conceal or justify a misdeed, failure, or humiliation. a) power. According to Roy's Adaptation Model, the adaptive modes includes all the following, EXCEPT: A. Physiologic Needs B. Self Concept C. Role Function D. Interdependence E. Achievement Answer Key 4. So, when is this need good, and when is it bad? According to Maslow, lower-level needs must be satisfied before high-level needs can be achieved. They constantly ask how they are doing, sometimes to the point of being a nuisance. d) improving hygiene factors will prevent people from being dissatisfied. All of the following statements describe hygiene factors in the two-factor theory EXCEPT: When weve eaten to satiation, we are no longer motivated to eat. See Page 1 Section Reference: Types of Motivation Theories Content theories include all of the following theories EXCEPT: a) Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory. They avoid both simple and impossible situations. d. The theory is unscientific. 1999-2023, Rice University. e. Carl Jung. d) Herzberg's two-factor theory. To take precautionary measures. b) ERG theory includes a frustration-digression component, but Maslow's theory does not. e) Locke and Latham's goal setting theory. a) expectancies According to Herzberg, hygiene factors are sources of job satisfaction and motivator factors are sources of job dissatisfaction. To revenge an injury. e) Physiological, social, safety, self-actualization, and esteem, d) Physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization, 63. Thus, an employee can be dissatisfied with low pay. When we sense that we are valuable contributors, are achieving something important, or are getting better at some skill, we like this feeling and strive to maintain it. Question 16 Characteristics of "good" theories discussed in class include all of the following, except: A good theory should be clearly stated All else constant, the simplest possible explanation for a phenomenon is preferable O A good theory does not need to be rigorously tested Its constructs should be able to be operationalized A good theory should include all important predictor variables

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